Volume 7 | Issue 1 | January

 Abstract

Sold and liquid phase are forms of condensed matter. The arrangement of atoms in both the phases is such that they are closely packed. Both phases have largely different properties. Solid material has definite volume and definite shape whereas the liquid phase has a definite volume but the shape in entirely dependent on the shape of container. Two chief classes of solid are amorphous and crystalline. The atomic-scale structure of these two types of solid is different. This paper focuses on the amorphous materials, their properties and also on the difference of amorphous solids with the crystalline materials.

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Sold and liquid phase are forms of condensed matter. The arrangement of atoms in both the phases is such that they are closely packed. Both phases have largely different properties. Solid material has definite volume and definite shape whereas the liquid phase has a definite volume but the shape in entirely dependent on the shape of container. Two chief classes of solid are amorphous and crystalline. The atomic-scale structure of these two types of solid is different. This paper focuses on the a

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This paper proposes an interim as well as a comprehensive approach for improving credit delivery using Information Technology tools. In the Interim approach, we suggest the use of IT tools for training bank staff and educating the clientele about facilities available from the bank. The interim approach also proposes mechanisms for revamping existing loan processing procedures through workflow automation based on Business Process Reengineering. With this type of application of IT, it is expected that the loaning system in the banks becomes more agile, more transparent and more accountable through complete documentation and on-line monitoring of every aspect of credit transaction such as the receipt of the loan application, processing, disbursement, and monitoring and loan recovery. As a longer-term solution, the study also proposes a comprehensive, fully automated credit delivery system for improving rural credit delivery through Multi-Service Delivery Systems (MSDS) and Centralized Rural Database and the development of national grid of rural data. Under the proposed rural credit delivery system, there will be two main entities of the system: the multi-service delivery system (MSDS), and the integrated multi-entity database grid (IMDS). The IMDS is a key resource in managing transactions of many banks and other entities using a single transaction point like the MSDS. This document details architectural design of this critically important database and related issues and weighs several options for different aspects of the database system. The design principles of the MSDS are also detailed. The proposed arrangement will also help bridge the digital divide between the urban and the rural India to a certain extent

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Indian Rural Market, Rural marketing, Communication Mix, FMCG, Model for Rural Communication

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This paper is an economic study plan of switches, the switches should be participates in a switch advancement plan, based on the results of reconfiguration. The problem of traditional reconfiguration is considers only one loading condition in order to meet the optimum reconfiguration. But the distribution loading condition has hourly and daily deviation, so that the optimum configuration continuously changes. Subsequently, considering only one loading condition leads to be inefficiency of the results. In this thesis, daily load curves of different types of distribution customers, during in various types of days and seasons, are used to get the good reconfiguration hours during a day. Then, genetic algorithm (GA) is used to get the optimum configuration during each time period. The objective function applied to GA consists of loss and energy not supplied. The switches that subsidize to reconfiguration should be remotely controlled in order to have the ability of instant mode alteration. In order to evaluate the possibility of automatic switch installation, the benefit- to-cost ratio is evaluated.

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GA based up gradation of switches for enhancement of reliability and loss reduction in distribution system

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Cowper’s syringocele a cystic disease is a rare but an under-diagnosed cystic dilation of the Cowper’s ducts and is increasingly being recognized in the adult population. They are frequently not detailed in major uropathology, radiology and urologic textbooks even though they can cause severe lower urinary tract symptoms by compressing the urethra or diverting urinary flow. In the present study, Cowper’s gland, an accessory reproductive gland, which contributes to semen coagulation and urethral lubrication two types of syringocele dilation (Type-1 and Type-2) have been observed after the administration of 1 mg (Type-II, a perforated syringocele with dilated distal duct) and 2 mg/KgBW (Type-I, a simple syringocele with mild dilated) Doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic in the white rat. However, the dose level 15, 10 and 5 mg/Kg BW doxorubicin treatment only revealed some histopathological alterations such as an increase in fibro-muscular tissue causing shrinkage and compactness of tubules, reduction in the acinal size, atrophic changes in the secretory epithelium leading to reduction in the secretory activity, acellular stroma rich in long strands of collagen fibers which are also of great significance in understanding the appearance of benign stromal neoplasm in the Cowper’s gland but no dilatation of the duct. Since there is a limited international published literature about syringocoele the present study would be of importance to the urologists and cancer patient who use doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic for the treatment of pancreas, prostate, testis (germ cell) and thyroid gland cancer.

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doxorubicin; Cowper’s gland; syringocele; rat

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An investigation was conducted to standardize the protocol. Though the conventional method of propagation of pomegranate is time consuming and tiresome. It does not ensure disease free and healthy planting material but in vitro technique has advantage over the conventional method, in which rapid mass production of healthy and disease free planting material within short span of time is possible. However, in commercial tissue culture, plant multiplication is carried out through axillary shoot proliferation. It is preferred mainly because of its true to type and genetically stable plantlets. Reliable and efficient protocols for plant regeneration in vitro through stimulation of axillary shoot proliferation from nodal stem segments and apical buds or through organogenesis or embryogenesis directly from various explants or callus have been developed for many important tropical and temperate fruit trees. Bhagwa, is one of the leading commercial variety hence, present study revealed that successful establishment of aseptic culture in Pomegranate Cv. Bhagwa is possible by sterilization of second nodal segments with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) at 0.01 % for 3 mins followed by incubation on full strength MS medium. Second nodal segment, due to its higher maturity and lignification resulting in less uptake and bleaching action of HgCl2 and recorded the highest culture establishment compared to other succulent explants.

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Punica granatum; in vitro; Pomegranate

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induction motor drive; modified space-vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM); over modulation

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Macrofollicular Thyroid Carcinoma is characterized by a greater percentage of large follicles, or hyperplastic follicular cells, containing copious amount of homogeneous eosinophilic colloid. Cisplatin or Cis-Diammine dichloroplatinum (ii) (Cl2H6N2Pt), is a divalent, inorganic, water-soluble, first successful platinum containing anticancer drug used to treat various forms of cancers. It interferes with the genetic material or DNA inside the cancer cells and prevents them from further dividing and growing more cancer cells by forming interstrand and intrastrand cross-linking of DNA molecules. The intraperitoneal injection of Cisplatin 10 mg/Kg BW daily for 5 days (Group-A) and 15 mg/Kg BW daily for 5 days (Group-B) resulted in the formation of Macrofollicular Thyroid Carcinoma out of other experiments performed with doses and duration ranging from 2.5, 5 and 15 mg daily for 15 days; 2.5, 5 and 15 mg daily for 30 days; 10 mg once in a week for 7 days.

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Macrofollicular Thyroid Carcinoma; Thyroid gland; Cisplatin

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The health assessment and management requires precise quantitative assessment based on scientific principle and modern techniques. In the present study, Japanese encephalitis (JE) risk zone area are delineated using remote sensing, geographical information system (GIS) and decision making techniques includes the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) as a special case in Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh. The method makes it possible for one to deal systematically, includes AHP as a special case. AHP determine the weights of various themes and their classes for identifying the disease risk areas. It has been concluded that about 27.19%, areas are in severe condition in of total area and having very poor and poor are about 6.99 and 4.61% of the study area. The area having high and moderate risk is about, with 28.29, to 33.08%, respectively. The JE risk zone map finally verified using the JE disease cases of year 2009 and the result was found satisfactory.

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JE; GIS; Multicriteria analysis AHP; risk zone

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The study on helminth fauna from economically important edible marine food fishes in India was investigated. The various species of digenetic helminth parasites recovered from Bay of Bangal (Odisa). Some species have described earlier others are new for science stream. In this article, we described a new species Acanthocolpus dorabensis sp. nov. found in the intestine of Chirocentrus dorab (Ruppell).

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marine fish; digenetic trematodes; infection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Coupled inductor; fuel cell; Solar cell; high step-up converter

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