Volume 5 | Issue 4 | October

 Abstract

Soil has a significant impact on human health, whether favourable or negative, direct or indirect. The nutrients in our food supply and medicines like antibiotics come mostly from the soil. Health issues, however, might result from nutrient imbalances and the presence of human pathogens in the soil biological community. Additionally, due to anthropogenic activity or natural conditions, numerous areas have dangerous quantities of certain metals or chemical compounds in soil. Urban areas' soils have drawn more attention recently, and they also present a lot of issues and problems for human health. Numerous metals, in particular Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd, are responsible for heavy metal pollution of the soil. It has been stated that some heavy metals, such as Mg, Ca, Zn and Fe, are important to human health, and daily dietary and pharmaceutical allowances have been suggested. Others, however, including Pb, Cd, As, and methylation forms of mercury, have been reported to have no recognised biological significance in human physiology and biochemistry and to be dangerous even at extremely low quantities. The diversity, population size, and overall activity of the soil microbial communities alter as a result of heavy metals' harmful effects on soil microorganisms. The implications of soil toxicity on human health are discussed in the study, along with its causes. A basic human right for both the present and future generations is healthy soil. Agriculture yields are decreased by soil degradation, which also jeopardises farmers' livelihoods. Nutrient-depleted soil is incapable of supporting either crops or plants that stop desertification. A consistent food supply and biodiversity depend on healthy soil. Widespread poverty and sluggish economic growth are results of soil loss. It is essential to assess soil toxicity and develop soil management strategies to pass down better-quality soil to future generations in order to fight poverty, increase food security, and maintain biodiversity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Anthropogenic; Pathogens; Biodiversity; Microorganisms

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Vitamin C (also known as L-ascorbic acid ) is water-soluble vitamin found in citrus and other fruits and leafy vegetables, and also sold as a dietary supplement. It is a white, odourless, crystalline powder and relatively insoluble in organic solvents. In a dry state, away from light, it is stable for a considerable length of time. All plants synthesize ascorbic acid and this functions as a cofactor for enzymes involved in photosynthesis, synthesis of plant hormones, as an antioxidant and also regenerator of other antioxidants.Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue, the formation of collagen, the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters and to prevent and treat scurvy . It is important for bones and connective tissues, muscles, blood vessels, and immune system functions. Vitamin C also helps the body absorb iron, which is needed for red blood cell production. Most animals are able to synthesize their own vitamin C. However, apes (including humans) and monkeys (but not all primates), most bats, some rodents, and certain other animals must acquire it from dietary sources.

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 Keywords

Antioxidant, ascorbic acid, collagen, dehydroascorbic acid, scurvy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research work investigated the flow behavior of API Class G (Easy to disperse) cement slurry at different temperatures and modeled the flow behavior parameters as functions of temperature. The cement slurry used contained only API class G cement, fresh water and antifoam additive only. The flow behavior of the cement slurry was measured at 27, 38, 49, 60 and 71oC in accordance with American Petroleum Institute (API) Recommended Practice 10B-2. The cement slurry, being a Bingham Plastic fluid, the flow parameters chosen for this study is Plastic viscosity, yield stress and critical velocity. Each parameter was found to increase with rise in temperature. Mathematical model equations relating the flow parameters with temperature were also derived.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

cement slurry, plastic fluid

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

antibiotics, silver nano particles, bio film bacteria, FTIR, UV-visible spectrophotometry

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Considering the need to popularize and domesticate wild edible fruit plants as an alternative source of food nutrition, we had evaluated some nutritional properties in 8 wild edible fruits reported to be consumed by rural people and tribals of Odisha. Dillenia pentagyna showed highest total carbohydrate (18.5%), total sugar (16.8%) and iron content (16 mg/100 g) making it a good competitor against other popular cultivated fruits like mango (17.00%), pomegranate (17.17%) with reference to carbohydrate content and grapes (16.25%) with regard to total sugar content. Similarly, wild edible fruits like Streblus asper (12.7%) and Carmona retusa (11.8%) also recorded high sugar content in comparison to cultivated fruits, viz., apple (10.39%), pineapple (10.8%) and pears (7.05%). The protein content in Melastoma malabathricum (5.48%) and Carmona retusa (4.1%) were found higher in comparison to cultivated fruits like banana (1.09%), mango (0.51%) and guava (2.54%). With regard to the mineral content, like iron, manganese, copper and calcium, Dillenia pentagyna, Streblus asper, Melastoma malabathricum, Calamus guruba were also found at par with apple, mango, banana and guava. Thus, these wild edible fruits were found promising species for domestication which may be considered as good alternatives for many cultivated fruits.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

minerals, proximate analysis, wild fruits

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bacteria load, Sachet water, Zaria

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study was conducted in Dudhi block of district Sonebhadra, Uttar Pradesh, India to record ethnomedicinally important plants which are used as antidote to snake and scorpion bite. Twenty four plants belonging to sixteen families are reported which are used in scorpion sting and snake bite. The study indicates that the traditional medical system is well functioning in the area and proper documentation and screening of important plants for their active ingredients may be useful in drug development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ethnomedicinal plants; Antidote; Sonebhadra; Uttar Pradesh; Documentation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sikkim constitutes 0.22% of the total geographical area of India. With only 640,000 inhabitants, it is the least populated state in India also. Sikkim like any other Indian state is on its path to development. But it suffers from wide inter regional disparity. The study is based on secondary sources of information. Spatial distribution of the regional disparity has been found. Result shows East district as the most developed one. Proper planning strategy is required for overall development of the state.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

regional disparity, inter region, Range Equalization method

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ganges River dolphin; linear density; Padma; Jamuna; Bangladesh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

knowledge; attitude; village women; housing; Gilan-e-Gharb

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition