Volume 4 | Issue 4 | October

 Abstract

The use of alternative medicine becomes popular once more in the Philippines and worldwide because nowadays, alternative medicines like herbal medicine are used to treat certain ailments and for disease prevention. Stevia rebaudiana which is a herbal food supplement contains high level of sweetening compounds known as steviol glycosides and it is used by people especially diabetic people as an alternative sugar. The treatment groups used were TO = Water; T1= 0.3 mg/ml of powdered S. rebaudiana T2= 0.6 mg/ml of powdered S. rebaudiana, T3= 0.9 mg/ml of powdered S. rebaudiana, T4= twice a day (T1), T5= twice a day (T2), T6= twice a day (T3), T7= thrice a day (T1), T8= thrice a day (T2) and T9= thrice a day (T3) to determine if it causes a stimulant or depressant effect to the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) of ICR mice. Using one way ANOVA and two-sample t-test, the results in the physiological and behavioral test for CNS shows that the three doses including the frequencies administered to the ICR mice have no significant differences which indicates that it has the same depressant effect. However, in the hot plate method for PNS the ICR mice belonging to T9 have longest time duration of reaction when the mice were subjected to heat and while in the dose, 0.9g of Stevia exhibited the greatest effect therefore powdered S. rebaudiana was proved to depress the CNS and to reduce sensitization to the PNS.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Stevia rebaudiana, Imprinted Control Mice, Depressant, Stimulant, Neuro-Physiological effects

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The objective of this study is to highlight the effect of an abandoned abattoir effluent on the underground water and to suggest the possible ways of controlling abattoir effluent effect on the ground water. The problem of getting quality water for domestic purposes is increasing as untreated effluents are discharged into surface water which percolates into underground water. The impact of effluent from Mokwa abattoir in Mokwa, Niger state on the physical and chemical parameters of underground water qualities was investigated. Samples were collected at different period of time of the day and analyzed using the AOAC analytical method of 2005. The assessment of underground water parameters shows that pH, 7.2, 6.9, and 7.1, nitrogen (mgL-1), 33.44, 29.48 and 33.0, total hardness (mgL-1), 62, 40 and 48, and phosphate as phosphorus (mgL-1), 0.06, 0.01 and 0.025, electrical conductivity (uScm-1) was 120, 450 and 450, total dissolved solids (mgL-1), 110, 225, and 225, temperature (?C), 27.2, 29.4 and 29.5, suspended solids (mgL-1), 0, 3.0 and 0, turbidity (NTU), 0, 1.0 and 0, 0, 0 and 0. The World Health Organization (WHO) standard and the Nigerian Water Drinking Standard were used as a standard for comparison of these studies.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

abattoir, domestic, effluent, surface water, underground water

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

antinutrient, oxalate, phytate, saponin, tannin

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition